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Between greatness and decline. A book about Poland in the 21st century - on Bartłomiej Radziejewski's book

Bartłomiej Radziejewski's book, by the founder of the think-zine Nowa Konfederacja, sparked great enthusiasm in me. The author correctly identifies areas for critical analysis of Poland's position in the international system, as well as the condition of the economic, social, and institutional-political order in Poland itself. […]

Minister Radosław Sikorski: Poland Can Be Better in International Competition. What Does It Look Like?

General Skrzypczak: Military challenges for Poland's strategy in the context of the global Great Power Game

The path to overthrowing the pound's hegemony and establishing the Dollar Empire

World War I ended the undivided reign of the British pound (GBP), and with it, the structures of the gold standard were shaken. The United States lent Great Britain $5 billion (total war debt – $43 billion in current values) and France $4 billion ($30 billion) to finance its war efforts. Germany, on the other hand, was indebted […]

What Started the Cold War? Sources of Conflict Between the United States and the Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, being in a defensive position, decided to retaliate for the first time on 'neutral' territory. This was primarily due to the Soviet Union's possession of nuclear weapons and the burgeoning prosperity within the Warsaw Pact bloc. The Soviet economy was not strong enough to exert subtle (economic) influence, leaving the Soviet Union with only one effective tool, which is perceived […]

Dominance of Land Powers: Historical Determinants

The development of major trade centers is closely linked to historical patterns of human settlement. Some locations in geographical space are more significant than others because they are situated on key communication routes leading to raw material, demographic, and production resources. […]